All content on this page is for research and educational purposes only. All compounds discussed are research peptides supplied for laboratory use. They are not approved for human therapeutic use in the UK and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any condition.Introduction: The Liver as a Research Target for Peptide Biology…
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All content on this page is for research and educational purposes only. Retatrutide is a research compound supplied for laboratory use. It is not approved for human therapeutic use in the UK and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any condition.Introduction: Triple Agonism and the Appetite Regulation FrontierAppetite regulation is…
All content on this page is for research and educational purposes only. Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a research compound supplied for laboratory use. It is not approved for human therapeutic use in the UK and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any condition.Introduction: DSIP at the Intersection of Sleep and…
Melanotan 2 and Photoprotection Research: Melanogenesis, UV Biology and Skin Cancer PreventionMelanotan II (MT-II) — the cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin receptor agonist — is most commonly discussed in research contexts for its effects on sexual function and pigmentation. Less examined but mechanistically important is Melanotan II's photoprotective biology: the mechanisms through which stimulated melanogenesis affects…
BPC-157 and Liver Research: Hepatoprotection, Fibrosis Biology and Alcohol-Induced DamageBPC-157 (Body Protection Compound 157) has earned its name from a remarkably broad tissue protection profile across multiple organ systems. Among its most compelling and extensively studied applications is hepatoprotection — the protection of liver tissue from toxic, ischaemic, and inflammatory injury. The liver is…
Sermorelin and Longevity Research: GH Axis, Somatopause and Ageing BiologySermorelin (GHRH 1-29 NH₂) — the synthetic form of the first 29 amino acids of endogenous growth hormone releasing hormone — is the foundational GHRH analogue in research, predating CJC-1295 and other longer-acting GHRH variants. Its relatively short plasma half-life (approximately 10–20 minutes) and once-daily…
Ipamorelin and Body Composition Research: Fat Loss, Lean Mass and Metabolic BiologyIpamorelin — a selective GHS-R1a agonist pentapeptide — is distinguished from other growth hormone releasing peptides by its exceptional selectivity: it stimulates GH release from pituitary somatotrophs with minimal effects on cortisol, prolactin, or ACTH secretion. This clean pharmacological profile makes it an…
GHK-Cu and Skin Ageing Research: Photoageing, Collagen Remodelling and Senescent Cell BiologyGHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) has one of the broadest research profiles of any peptide in the skin biology literature — spanning wound healing acceleration, collagen and elastin synthesis, anti-inflammatory action, and antioxidant gene upregulation. In the specific context of skin ageing research, GHK-Cu's…
Selank and Cognitive Enhancement Research: Memory, Learning and Neuroplasticity BiologySelank (Tuftsin-Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) is a synthetic analogue of the endogenous tetrapeptide Tuftsin, extended with a Pro-Gly-Pro C-terminal sequence that confers stability against plasma proteases. While Selank's anxiolytic properties — mediated through GABA-A modulation, serotonin enhancement, and HPA axis normalisation — form the primary focus of its…
CJC-1295 and Bone Density Research: GH Axis, IGF-1 and Osteoporosis BiologyCJC-1295 — the GHRH analogue that achieves prolonged GH axis stimulation through its Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) technology or shorter-acting non-DAC form — has an established preclinical and early clinical profile primarily focused on body composition, GH pulsatility, and IGF-1 modulation. A less prominently…
IGF-1 LR3 and Cancer Research: Tumour Biology, Proliferative Signalling and IGF Axis in OncologyThe insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis is among the most extensively studied signalling pathways in cancer biology. IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) activation promotes tumour cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and resistance to both chemotherapy and targeted therapy — making it a widely…
Hexarelin and Growth Hormone Deficiency Research: GHS-R1a, Pituitary Reserve Testing and GHD BiologyHexarelin (Examorelin) — a synthetic hexapeptide GH secretagogue with the sequence His-D-2-MeTrp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH₂ — is among the most potent GHS-R1a (growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a) agonists characterised in the GH releasing peptide family. Its potency exceeds that of GHRP-2, GHRP-6, and ipamorelin in…
